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The U.S. Constitution serves as the supreme law of the land, meaning it establishes the foundational legal framework for the United States government and is the highest authority in the hierarchy of laws. It outlines the structure of government, delineates the powers and responsibilities of the different branches, and establishes the rights of citizens. The Constitution provides the guidelines that govern the nation, ensuring that all laws and treaties made under its authority are subordinate to it.

This principle of supremacy is crucial for maintaining the rule of law and ensuring that no individual or entity is above the Constitution. In contrast, the Articles of Confederation were an earlier attempt at governance that ultimately proved ineffective, the Declaration of Independence is a document that declared the colonies' independence from British rule and articulated the philosophy of government, and the Bill of Rights is a set of amendments to the Constitution focused on individual rights but does not serve as the supreme legal authority on its own.